The Road to Emmaus – Luke 24:13-31

The Washington Post conducted an experiment to find out if people are capable of recognizing beauty out of context. Unfortunately, their experiment proved that most people are oblivious to beauty that doesn’t fit into their routines, even a world-famous violinist playing a free concert in the subway.  It happened the first time in 2007, and again seven years later. The protagonist? World-famous violinist Joshua Bell.

The experiment involved Joshua Bell playing violin in a busy subway station in Washington, DC at rush hour. Bell decided to use his Stradivarius violin, an instrument with an estimated value of over three million dollars.  Three days before the experiment, Bell played a concert where the bad seats cost about 100 dollars.

The experiment was conducted on January 12, 2007, at 7:51 in the morning. Bell showed up at the subway station wearing a black long-sleeved shirt, jeans, and a baseball hat. He started playing a piece by Johann Sebastian Bach, followed by Shubert’s Ave Maria. He continued to play, one masterfully interpreted song after another. It became evident fairly quickly that people often look without really seeing and hear without really listening.

In the end, the world-renowned violin prodigy played for about 47 minutes. During that time, 1,097 people walked by him. To everyone’s surprise, only six people actually stopped to listen. In total, Bell earned $32.17 for his performanceOne of the interesting things if you watch the video, there was a booth set up nearby where he was playing where people could buy lottery tickets.  And there was actually a line of people, many of whom had their backs to him for thirty, forty minutes, and they never recognized him.  Joshua Bell, like Jesus Christ was exuding truth and beauty, but only one recognized him

In our scripture today, The Road to Emmaus, Jesus (Creator God, Savior, Perfect in every way) shows up and is not even noticed.

We learn some very important things about Scripture here.  Jesus has been crucified, He’s risen from the dead, and He appears to these two disciples on the road and then He eats with them.  But they don’t understand it.  They don’t get it.  They don’t recognize Him, even initially.  And so this is somewhat mysterious to them.

Let’s briefly just recap and give a little bit of context.  Jesus has died, He’s risen! He shows up on the road to Emmaus, this small town seven miles from Jerusalem.  One of the disciples was named Cleopas.  The other name is not given.  Some commentators believe that it was Cleopas and his wife but we don’t know.  And they’re walking along.  Jesus walks up to them, and “they were kept from recognizing him.” He says, “What are you talking about?”  And they say, “Where have You been? What’s everyone talking about?  We’re talking about Jesus of Nazareth.  We had hoped He was the Promised One but He died and now we don’t know what to do.”

These disciples, more than likely, would have been with Jesus for years, probably for three years; they’re not one of the twelve but they were most likely part of a larger group that followed Jesus and so they had been with Jesus, they served with Him, they believed Him.  And so they understand, you see, part of what Jesus did.  They have some of the pieces but they’re missing some.  As you see in verse 17, they’re sad.  Verse 21 they say, “We thought he would be the one to redeem Israel.”  In verses 22 and 24 they say that, “these women tell us he’s not in the tomb anymore.”  And so they have some of this information and they don’t know what to do.  Verse 16, for whatever reason they don’t recognize Jesus, and they travel these seven miles with Him.  But Jesus essentially is with these people who have invested time, they’ve invested energy, they’ve had their hopes and dreams seemingly dashed, and so Jesus is going to these people who are sad on the road and where does He direct them?  Jesus directs them to His Word.  He points them to the Bible and specifically to the Old Testament.

I’m going to use a superlative, but this one is accurate.  Jesus, on this road with these two men, this is the best small-group Bible study ever!  It says, Jesus right there on the road says, “You don’t understand the Scriptures.”  And beginning with Moses, that means in Genesis, and so He walks through the Garden of Eden, He walks through Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph, and then Exodus and Leviticus, He goes there, He goes to the Prophets, He goes to the Psalms, and He unpacks how all of it is about Him.  And so He explained to them what was said in the Scriptures, very important, verse 27, what was said in the Scriptures concerning Himself.  I mean this would be the definitive explanation of what we call the Old Testament.  This is the best Bible study ever.  All the promises, all the stories, all the images found their fulfillment in Him.  Everything is pointing to Him.  And that means that Jesus is the point of the Bible.  If you’re in sales you have an elevator speech.  You’re supposed to make a sale in thirty seconds.  “What is the Bible about?”  How would we answer that?  The Bible is about Jesus.  It’s not a reference book, it’s not a book of examples to live up to, it’s not a to-do list.  It’s about Jesus.  It’s a single, true story with a plotline.  The plotline is creation, fall, redemption, consummation.  It’s about grace.  It’s about rescue.  It’s about how Jesus saves His people.

And so we don’t know what Jesus here on the road to Emmaus cited, we don’t know what specific quotes, what specific passages in the Old Testament He goes to, which exact ones, we don’t know the examples that He used, we can’t replicate His explanation.  But I put in the last post, some information from the book by Sinclair Ferguson,  Preaching Christ from the Old Testament.

Jesus, The Lving Word, teaches them the written and revealed Word of God about Himself.   Why?

God Lovingly Writes Himself into His Own Story

Dorothy Sayers wrote a series of detective novels focused her fictional character Lord Peter Wimsey. Sayers’ creation Whimsey was an aristocrat detective from the 1930s who solved all kinds of crimes. She wrote a whole series of stories and novels about Lord Peter.

Then about halfway through her elven Wimsey detective series, a woman suddenly shows up in the novels. Sayers new character is named Harriet Vane, a female mystery writer and one of the very first women to get through Oxford. Harriet and Peter fall in love. Until that point in the series, Whimsey was an unhappy, broken bachelor, until Harriet Vane shows up and her love starts to heal his broken soul.

It’s interesting because Dorothy Sayers, like her fictional creation, was one of the first women to graduated from Oxford. Like Harriet Vane, Dorothy Sayers was a writer of mystery novels. Dorothy Sayers looked at her character, Lord Peter Wimsey, and saw that he needed someone to help him out. So who did she put in there? A detective novelist, a woman, and one of the first women to go through Oxford. Who was that? She put herself into her own stories. She looked into the world that she had created and she fell in love with the chief character, Peter Wimsey, and she wrote herself into that story so she could heal him.

Meaning:  God creates the world, we’ve turned away from him and become damaged by our sin. But God looks into this world and he loves us and he writes himself into his own story. Only he really writes himself in, he really puts himself in there in Jesus Christ, and he comes and he heals us and he takes us to be his bride.

Verse 28, “They drew near to the village to which they were going.  He acted as if he were going farther, but they urged him strongly, saying, ‘Stay with us, for it is toward evening and the day is now far spent.’  So he went in to stay with them.”  And so just think about this.  Of all the places that Jesus could be after He’s resurrected from the dead, He’s in Emmaus, this nobody town, and He’s with these two disciples, one of whom is not even named.  And so of all the places Jesus could have been He’s with these two nobodies.  And they beg Him to stay and He stays with them.  And we read in verse 30 and 31, “When he was at table with them, he took the bread and blessed and broke it and gave it to them.  And their eyes were opened, and they recognized him.  And he vanished from their sight.” 

 And so what is Jesus doing?  He’s doing what He’s doing His entire ministry.  He is having meals with sinners.  They’re doubting; they’re confused sinners.  In fact, one of them, the ironic statement is when one of them looks at Jesus, Cleopas looks at Jesus and he says, “What are you talking about?  Where have you been?”  It’s so ironic because if anything, if anyone knew what happened in Jerusalem it was Jesus.  And he says, “Don’t you know what happened?” And it’s almost identical language towards the end of the passage there.  It’s almost identical language to Jesus feeding the five thousand, that He took bread and He broke it and He hands it to them and immediately they recognize Him. It’s interesting, it’s powerful.  Their eyes were opened, God opens their eyes but the moment that their eyes were opened is when they were at the table with Jesus.

A Meal with the Savior: A Journey from Sadness and Discouragement, to Hope and Joy

And so what you see in this passage is Jesus coming and taking these men from sadness and discouragement to a place of hope and joy.  And it’s an amazing passage where Jesus teaches us about the Bible.

In Luke 24, that even here you have a small story within the larger story of Scripture, that what you see here is what Jesus is doing throughout the story of Scripture.  He’s taking people that are unbelieving and sad and discouraged and rebellious sinners and He’s taking them from brokenness and discouragement to joy and hope.

God is moving in this world and He’s moving people from brokenness to joy and you see that here.  What we see in this passage we see it’s the grander story of Scripture.  We see Luke gives us a picture of Jesus coming to these two men who are sad and broken, they had expectations that haven’t been met, the passage even says that they’re sad, they’ve devoted years to following Jesus, they thought that He would be a political king, they thought that this would be a political redemption, and now you hear over and over and over again that they’re confused and they’re sad.  They have all this information but they don’t yet know how to put it together.  But Jesus is drawing near to people who are brokenhearted.

In verse 33 what’s happening at the end of the passage.  It’s amazing.  They, at the very end, they go to tell their friends because they’re so excited.  It finally comes together.  This Jesus, He’s risen indeed!  But what is the source?  The source of their sadness, the source of their grief, Jesus says, that they’re failing to believe the Word of God.  And what do you see as the remedy? The remedy was the truth of the Word of God.  It was the testimony of Jesus worked deep down into their hearts and deep down into their bones.

And so I think just by way of application it’s important for us to remember because if  you’re lacking hope, if you’re lacking joy, if you’re discouraged, if your circumstances are lacking, if you’re in very hard circumstances, what Jesus wants us to do is to go back to the Word.  It’s to attend to the Word, to have confidence in the Word, to understand the Word and believe what the Word says about Christ and have joy that’s complete.

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Jesus’ Death and Resurrection in the Old Testament

On the Road to Emmaus

Jesus said,

26 Did not the Messiah have to suffer these things and then enter his glory?” 27 And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he explained to them what was said in all the Scriptures concerning himself Luke 24: 26-27

We don’t know which verses that Jesus is referring to.  Beginning Moses means Genesis, and all the prophets would mean all the rest of the Old Testament.

Sinclair Ferguson,  in his book, Preaching Christ from the Old Testament does a great job connecting Old Testament characters to Jesus:

“-Jesus is the true and better Adam; Who passed the test in the garden and whose obedience is now imputed to us

-Jesus is the true and better Abel; Who though innocently slain has blood now that cries out not for our acquittal, not for our condemnation but for our justice

-Jesus is the true and better Abraham; Who answered the call of God to leave all of the comfortable, familiar home; And go out into the void not knowing where He went to create a new people of God

-Jesus is the true and better Isaac; Who is not just offered by His Father but sacrificed by His Father; And when God said to Abraham, ‘now I know you love me because you did not withhold your only Son whom you love from me.’  Now we can say to God, ‘now we know you love us because you did not withhold your only begotten Son from us.’

-Jesus is the true and better Jacob; Who wrestled and took the blow of justice we deserved, so we, like Jacob, only receive the wounds of grace to wake us up and discipline us

-Jesus is the true and better Joseph; Who at the right hand of the King forgives those who betrayed and sold Him and uses His new power to save them

-Jesus is the true and better Moses; Who stands in the gap between the people and the Lord and who mediates a new covenant

-Jesus is the true and better Rock of Moses; Who, struck with the rod of God’s justice, now gives us water in the desert

-Jesus is the true and better Job; The truly innocent sufferer who then intercedes for us and saves His stupid friends

-Jesus is the true and better David; Whose victory becomes His people’s victory even though they never lifted a stone to accomplish it themselves

-Jesus is the true and better Esther; Who didn’t just risk losing an earthly palace but lost the ultimate heavenly one; Who didn’t just risk losing life, but it cost His life to save His people

-Jesus is the true and better Jonah; Who was cast out in the storm and the deep so that we could be brought in; Jesus is the Real Passover Lamb, innocent, perfect, helpless, slain so the angel of death will pass over us

-Jesus is the true Prophet, the true Priest, the true King, the true Temple, the true Sacrifice, the true Lamb, the true Light, and the true Bread.”

What’s the point?  Jesus is the point of the Bible.  That’s what the Bible is about.

Throughout the Hebrew Scriptures, the promise of a Messiah is clearly given. These messianic prophecies were made hundreds, sometimes thousands of years before Jesus Christ was born, and clearly Jesus Christ is the only person who has ever walked this earth to fulfill them. In fact, from Genesis to Malachi, there are over 300 specific prophecies detailing the coming of this Anointed One. In addition to prophecies detailing His virgin birth, His birth in Bethlehem, His birth from the tribe of Judah, His lineage from King David, His sinless life, and His atoning work for the sins of His people, the death and resurrection of the Jewish Messiah was, likewise, well documented in the Hebrew prophetic Scriptures long before the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ occurred in history.

Of the best-known prophecies in the Hebrew Scriptures concerning the death of Messiah, Psalm 22 and Isaiah 53 certainly stand out. Psalm 22 is especially amazing since it predicted numerous separate elements about Jesus’ crucifixion a thousand years before Jesus was crucified. Here are some examples. Messiah will have His hands and His feet “pierced” through (Psalm 22:16John 20:25). The Messiah’s bones will not be broken (a person’s legs were usually broken after being crucified to speed up their death) (Psalm 22:17John 19:33). Men will cast lots for Messiah’s clothing (Psalm 22:18Matthew 27:35).

Isaiah 53, the classic messianic prophecy known as the “Suffering Servant” prophecy, also details the death of Messiah for the sins of His people. More than 700 years before Jesus was even born, Isaiah provides details of His life and death. The Messiah will be rejected (Isaiah 53:3Luke 13:34). The Messiah will be killed as a vicarious sacrifice for the sins of His people (Isaiah 53:5–92 Corinthians 5:21). The Messiah will be silent in front of His accusers (Isaiah 53:71 Peter 2:23). The Messiah will be buried with the rich (Isaiah 53:9Matthew 27:57–60). The Messiah will be with criminals in His death (Isaiah 53:12Mark 15:27).

In addition to the death of the Jewish Messiah, His resurrection from the dead is also foretold. The clearest and best known of the resurrection prophecies is the one penned by Israel’s King David in Psalm 16:10, also written a millennium before the birth of Jesus: “For You will not abandon my soul to Sheol; Nor will You allow Your Holy One to undergo decay.”

On the Jewish feast day of Shavuot (Weeks or Pentecost), when Peter preached the first gospel sermon, he boldly asserted that God had raised Jesus the Jewish Messiah from the dead (Acts 2:24). He then explained that God had performed this miraculous deed in fulfillment of David’s prophecy in Psalm 16. In fact, Peter quoted the words of David in detail as contained in Psalm 16:8–11. Some years later, Paul did the same thing when he spoke to the Jewish community in Antioch. Like Peter, Paul declared that God had raised Messiah Jesus from the dead in fulfillment of Psalm 16:10 (Acts 13:33–35).

The resurrection of the Messiah is strongly implied in another Davidic psalm. Again, this is Psalm 22. In verses 19–21, the suffering Savior prays for deliverance “from the lion’s mouth” (a metaphor for Satan). This desperate prayer is then followed immediately in verses 22–24 by a hymn of praise in which the Messiah thanks God for hearing His prayer and delivering Him. The resurrection of the Messiah is clearly implied between the ending of the prayer in verse 21 and the beginning of the praise song in verse 22.

And back again to Isaiah 53: after prophesying that the Suffering Servant of God would suffer for the sins of His people, the prophet says He would then be “cut off out of the land of the living.” But Isaiah then states that He (Messiah) “will see His offspring” and that God the Father will “prolong His days” (Isaiah 53:5810). Isaiah proceeds to reaffirm the promise of the resurrection in different words: “As a result of the anguish of His soul, He will see light and be satisfied” (Isaiah 53:11).

Every aspect of the birth, life, death and resurrection of Jesus the Messiah had been prophesied in the Hebrew Scriptures long before the events ever unfolded in the timeline of human history. No wonder that Jesus the Messiah would say to the Jewish religious leaders of His day, “You search the Scriptures, for in them you think you have eternal life; and these are they which testify of Me” (John 5:39).

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Preaching Christ from the Old Testament, Sinclair Ferguson

https://www.gotquestions.org/death-resurrection-Messiah.html

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A Parable about Death – Luke 16: 19-31

Several men went on a weeklong fishing trip.   Each day they would stop for bait and ice, there was an old man sitting on porch and the first day he said, “It’s going to rain today.” And sure enough it did. The next day, the men asked, “Is it going to rain old man?” “NO Fair all day, but a might chilly”, sure enough fair all day, a little chilly.  All week they went to him to find out the weather.  On the last day, “what’s the weather?” “I don’t know,” the man replied. “Don’t know?” “No my radio is broken.”   He only spoke of what he knew.

In our parable Jesus moves beyond the range of our experiences into the world of the unknown.  He speaks of the visible and invisible equally and open.  He is just as familiar with heaven and hell as we are rich and poor.  It is what he knows because Jesus is God.

Jesus starts the parable “A certain rich man,” and describes common characteristics of a wealthy lifestyle at that time. He then contrasts him with a poor man and common characteristics of what the poor would deal with.

Why the opposites? Some thought that this was directed to the Pharisees and Sadducees who taught and believed that riches meant you were blessed by God and poverty was a curse, sickness was the judgment of God, it meant you were being punished.  Have you ever heard this?  It is not true.  That is why Jesus went around healing everyone to show God’s compassion.  He had to even correct his disciples. Whose fault is it this man is blind his or his parents, Jesus said neither.   Jesus is showing them the opposite can be true.

 My status in society does not determine my status before God

My life on earth will end.

No matter how many medical advances we come up with, the death rate is still and will always be 100%.

Lots of people have their whole lives mapped out before them of where they would like to be 10, 20, 50 years from now. But not very many have taken time to consider and prepare for where they will be 1,000,000 years from now. Have you? Are you prepared to face death?

Both men died, this is their only similarity. The inevitable happened both died it was the mercy of God in the order of their deaths.  Lazarus died first being delivered from his miseries on earth, the rich man dying second with God giving him longer period that he may repent and turn to Him.

The time came when the beggar died” (vs 22a)

The rich man also died and was buried (vs. 22c)

In that culture, when wealthy people passed away, the family hired mourners, purchased costly spices for the body and used an elaborate tomb for the burial. The whole town probably turned out for the funeral of the rich man and listened to the shrieks and lamentations of the professional weepers and the litany of praise heaped upon the rich man by countless eulogies. The rich man has a burial, professional mourners and a fancy procession, flags at half-mast.  It probably made the Jerusalem Headline news. Today he would be mentioned by all the major news outlets.  He was laid in a tomb, in a cave, carved into a hill, which was very expensive.

On earth wealth is a big deal.  We know the name of the rich and famous

Here the names of the rich are known and when they are talked about they are designated by name.  Who owns the Dallas cowboys? Tesla? Amazon?

But the poor are not known or considered worthy of being noted unless they commit some crime.  In this story it is totally opposite of life on earth. No name for rich man.   A “certain” rich man, but the poor man is called by name. Lazarus.  This is the opposite of the way it normally is.

No Burial for Lazarus.  No pomp on earth, since he could not afford a burial plot he was probably throw in the city dump, a place called Gehenna or Hinnom where they would throw trash, dead animals and bodies of malefactors, outcasts and lepers.  That’s why when Jesus was crucified they asked Pilot for his body for burial.  If the family didn’t ask for the body it would be thrown in the dump.

No earthly burial, but look what happens.  The poor man that no one served and only dogs attended to is carried by ANGELS to Abraham’s side. What is that? This is to represent the best place of honor.  For Jews Abraham was the father of their race and their faith. To be considered a friend of Abraham was the highest honor possible and true happiness would be to spend eternity at his side.

I will end up in one of two places.

  •  Heaven (Paradise)

(Lazarus) the angels carried him to Abraham’s side (vs 22b)

OR

  • Hell (Hades in the Greek)

In hell, where he was in torment (vs. 23)

We may not like the topic of hell but Jesus didn’t beat around the bush about the subject.

The majority of Americans believe in hell, a poll conducted by US News and World Report (2000) reveals that more Americans then believe in Hell than they did in the 1950’s. [US News and World Report. “Hell Hath No Fury.” January 31,2000. p. 46]

I decide my destination by my faith

 This is a story about faith, when Jesus said “Abrahams side.”  We think “big deal.”  Abraham is mentioned in the New Testament 72 times.  Abraham is regarded in Scripture as being not only the great patriarch (Hebrews 7:4) but also the father of all believers (Romans 4:11).  He was the father of the faith.  So to say Lazarus is leaning against Abraham is to say he is the son with the most faith of all!

 You are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus… If you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the promise.” Galatians 3:26&29

 If you have ever traveled out of the country you will need a passport.  In order to get into heaven we will need a heavenly passport.  The bible records in Revelation 20 that our names get written in the “Lambs Book of Life.”  This is your passport to heaven.  Do you have your name written there? I am not talking about intellectual assent.  “Yeah I believe I need a passport.” Have you gotten it?  “No I haven’t gotten around to it.    In order to get one you have to sign up, fill out the paperwork and pay the fee.  Well our heavenly fee has been paid but we need to sign up.  We need to say, “Thank you Jesus for dying for my sins, I turn from them and invite you into my life.”   You need to do this not just think about it.

We must not forget that the primary intention of the parable is about the consequences of misplaced faith.  Faith in riches, heritage, religion.  Remember…

  • Riches do not equal hell.  Misplaced Faith = Hell

Have you noticed every parable we have looked at, the stories Jesus tells deal with money?  It is because money is the acid test of your faith.

If we spend all our money on ourselves and God gets little or leftovers, I hope we see that we have unbelief.  Our belief is that our money is our security and our faith is in that.  We are no different than the rich man.  I am not talking about religion.  The rich man had religion, “Father Abraham” he said.  Jesus says, “not everyone who says to me “Lord, Lord will enter the kingdom of heaven but he who does the will of my Father.”  Matthew 7:21 It’s more than talk.  It’s more than belief.  James says, “faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead.”  (James 2:17)

As a pastor I must urge you to examine the faith that you claim.  Examine your actions.  What do they reveal?  Is your faith in money, status, popularity, image or is your faith in Christ alone?   I don’t want you to end up like the rich man, deceived by a false faith.

Darrell

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The Rich Man & Lazarus Commentary – Luke 16:19-31

In Jesus’ parable of a rich man and a poor man, their fortunes were exactly reversed at death: the poor man went to paradise, while the rich man suffered in hell. In agony, the rich man cried out for help, asking Abraham to send Lazarus to warn his brothers of this tragic, irreversible fate.

16:19-21 Finally, regarding the Pharisees’ attitude toward money (they “dearly loved” it, 16:14), Jesus gave an illustration that vividly portrays the value of money in light of future judgment. This Lazarus should not be confused with the Lazarus whom Jesus raised from the dead in John 11. Incidentally, this is the only person in any of Jesus’ stories who is given a name. The rich man in this parable lived out the lifestyle afforded to the wealthy who lived in the Roman Empire. Splendid clothing, delicious food of all types, and days lived in luxury could be had by those with enough money.

In contrast, there is a poor diseased beggar. Ancient Rome had no middle class—there were the very rich and the very poor. Often the poor were reduced to begging in order to survive. This man, Lazarus, was sick, hungry, and abandoned, so he lay at the rich man’s door, longing for scraps from the rich man’s table. Leftovers were all he desired, and the rich man could easily have shared from his extravagance by sending a servant out with a plateful. But the rich man chose to spend his money on himself, refusing to share, probably not even taking notice of the poor man at his door. His wealth was not sinful, but his selfishness was. While he had everything he could possibly want, Lazarus lay hungry with even the dogs licking his open sores.

  • LIFE APPLICATION – HARD-HEARTED HOARDING
  • The Pharisees considered wealth to be a proof of a person’s righteousness. Jesus startled them with this story where a diseased beggar is rewarded and a rich man is punished. The rich man did not go to hell because of his wealth but because he lacked faith and compassion by refusing to feed Lazarus, take him in, or care for him. The rich man was hard-hearted despite his great blessings. The amount of money a person has is not as important as the way he or she uses it. What is your attitude toward your money and possessions? Do you hoard them selfishly, or do you use them to help others?

16:22-23 In time, both the rich man and Lazarus died, for death takes everyone regardless of social station or wealth. The rich man ended up in torment in the place of the dead, the destiny of those who have refused to believe. The “torment” is described in 16:24 as “flames.” Added to the torment was the rich man’s ability to see paradise, with Abraham and Lazarus in peace and luxury. The role reversal is obvious—as Lazarus once lay in pain outside the door of the rich man’s house watching him feast, so here the rich man was in torment watching the joy far away in heaven.

In contrast, Lazarus must have been a God-fearing man, despite the fact that God had not allowed him an easy or pleasant lifetime on earth. When Lazarus died, the angels carried him to be with Abraham, another way of describing the Kingdom.

Jesus’ words teach about the danger of making money a god or idol, trusting money more than God, and the finality of God’s judgment.

16:24-25 Not only could the rich man in this story see into heaven’s bliss from his torment, but he could call out to those in paradise as well. He spoke to Father Abraham, a title any Jew would use for Abraham, the father of their nation (John 8:39). The request for Abraham to send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water shows that the rich man’s basic attitude had not changed. For all his deference to Abraham, he still thought of Lazarus as no more than a messenger who could be sent by Abraham to do the rich man a favor.

Abraham sent an answer, but not the one that the rich man wanted or even expected. The rich man may have thought there was a mistake. He had been rich, and if wealth was a sign of God’s blessing, why would he be in agony? Abraham explained that, during their time on earth, the rich man had everything, but Lazarus had nothing. While the rich man could have helped the poor within his reach (such as Lazarus), he chose only personal pleasure. The roles for eternity would be reversed. Lazarus went from pain and hunger to comfort; the rich man went from pleasure and merriment to anguish. This would have unnerved the Pharisees who were listening to this parable. To them, wealth was a sign of God’s blessing, poverty a sign of God’s disfavor. So they enjoyed their wealth and did not attempt to bridge the chasm that separated them from the “disfavored ones.” But Jesus was explaining that another chasm would develop, and they would find themselves on the wrong side.

16:26 Abraham explained to the rich man that he couldn’t send Lazarus because between them and him was a great chasm and no one can cross over. The ultimate fates cannot be changed. God’s decision upon death is final. There is only one life on this earth, and that is the time of decision. People cannot wait until eternity to make their relationship right with God—it will be too late. The judgment will have been made on the basis of their choices, and it will be irreversible.

16:27-29 The rich man still thought Lazarus could be sent on messenger duty. If Lazarus could not come to help him, then he wanted Lazarus sent to warn his five brothers about the place of torment so they wouldn’t have to go there when they died. Abraham simply explained that they could read the words of Moses and the prophets (that is, the Old Testament) and there find the warnings about the place of torment. If those brothers hadn’t heeded the major message of God in his word, they would not heed a messenger.

  •  LIFE APPLICATION – HARD-CORE SKEPTIC
  • In his life, the rich man refused to listen to God’s command to be generous to the poor. Honest and difficult questions about God will always tug at the minds and hearts of honest searchers who are open and curious and do not regard questions as threats or sins. Hard-core skeptics reject such questions as unsolvable and therefore unimportant. Their minds are resolved to avoid matters of faith, God, and eternity.   If you have questions, that’s good. Keep looking for answers. If you have given up, take this story’s warning. The serious pursuit of good questions is our human responsibility; an uncaring disposition erects a high wall between you and truth. One day all must give an account for rejecting God.

16:30-31 Perhaps the rich man knew his brothers only too well. The suggestion that they read God’s word (or listen to it read in the synagogue) met with a no. It just wouldn’t happen—probably for the same reasons that the rich man himself never had heeded the warnings therein. So the rich man begged that someone from the dead go back to them. Surely, then, they would turn from their sins. Abraham answered that if these brothers did not listen to Moses and the prophets, then they won’t listen even if someone rises from the dead and appears to them.

Notice the irony in Jesus’ statement; on his way to Jerusalem to die, he was fully aware that even when he had risen from the dead, most of the religious leaders would not accept him. They were set in their ways, and neither Scripture nor God’s Son himself would shake them loose.

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Read Along Daily Bible Reading: YouVersion (https://www.bible.com/organizations/370f8a6e-16bc-464f-8c43-0b7623fd2952)

Sources:  Bible Background Commentary, Bible Knowledge Commentary, Life Application Bible Commentary, Life Application Concise New Testament Commentary

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